Having too much body fat and weight makes getting pregnant challenging. Infrequent ovulation and irregular menstrual cycles are also common effects of obesity. Reduced pregnancy rates can also be observed in obese women who have regular menstrual cycles. Obesity can result in increased oestrogen activity, which can render the endometrium—the lining of the womb—unsuitable for implantation of a pregnancy. Therefore, it is imperative to speak with a reproductive doctor to detect problems linked to obesity that may impact pregnancy prospects.

Male reproduction-related hormonal alterations are influenced by obesity. In comparison to men of normal weight, obese men frequently report having lower sperm counts and motility.

Obesity can reduce a couple's chances of conceiving and increase the risk of complications during pregnancy and labor. Pre-conception counseling with a fertility doctor is recommended to help lower these risks. A balanced diet and regular exercise are effective strategies for weight loss, restoring ovulation, improving conception chances, and reducing miscarriage rates in obese women.

PIn some cases, bariatric surgery may be suggested for women with a BMI of 40 or higher, potentially improving issues like irregular periods and infertility. A multidisciplinary approach to weight management, including evaluation of infertility, lifestyle changes, and education on nutrition and exercise, can further enhance fertility. Obesity, defined by a BMI over 30, is often caused by poor eating habits and lack of exercise, and can lead to infertility and other health problems. Healthy lifestyle changes can improve fertility and reproductive health.